讲座为“上外研究生学术训练营”文学研究类高端学术讲座第三讲。讲座将结合近年来我国外国文学研究发展的现状与趋势，分析叙事学、生态批评、女性主义批评、后殖民主义批评以及文学伦理学批评方法在外国文学批评实践中的得与失，尤其对文学伦理学批评的理论创新、批评实践与国际学术话语权建构进行较为详细的介绍。

Turbulent social and political circumstances in the Western South Slavic language area caused the disintegration of Yugoslavia and the formation of new countries in the 1990s, which, consequently, had a major influence on the change of language status and on changes in the languages themselves. The result of these events was the “death” of the prestigious Serbo-Croatian language and the emergence of new standard languages based on the Štokavian dialect (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian and Montenegrin). Following a short description of the linguistic identity of the Serbo-Croatian language, this lecture reveals how the language was nationalised in the newly-formed states after 1991 (in Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro). At that time a symbolic (and not communicative) function of language was in the foreground along with the language status (national language naming and language affirmation). Language is a means of connecting with the national identity that the advocates of nationalist politics used to promote their political ideologies by enforcing linguistic changes with the aim of creating as many differences as possible between Our language and Their language.

报告讨论的主要问题是现代俄罗斯语言政策的基本动向，认为语言政策实施的主要社会领域包括公民教育、大众传媒和文化传播。演讲者以俄联邦境内多民族的巴什科尔托斯坦共和国的社会语言状况为例，认为现阶段正是所有族群语言积极发展的阶段。在该共和国的城市和乡村都存在着活跃的双语现象，“民族语—俄语”类型的双语现象最为普遍。俄语、巴什基尔语、鞑靼语有着广泛的社会使用领域，其中，俄语是俄联邦及巴什科尔托斯坦共和国的国语，巴什基尔语是该共和国的国语，鞑靼语是广泛使用的语言。其他语言（楚瓦什语、马里语、乌德穆尔语、摩尔多瓦语、乌克兰语、德语）的社会及交际功能则要小得多，而白俄罗斯语、拉得什语的功能领域最小。

首先分析外语教师的两个重要特点，即实践性和跨学科性，并探讨它们对外语教师教育研究范式选择的影响。在外语教师教育研究中，定量、质性或混合方法的选择不仅需要考虑研究问题的性质，也需要充分关注本领域研究对象的上述特点。最后将结合这一问题对研究成果国际化的问题展开讨论。

东方语学院系列讲座

中国学专题系列讲座之三十。