1955年10月13日美国旧金山第六画廊诗歌朗诵会拉开了旧金山诗歌文艺复兴的序幕，标志着诗歌吟唱传统的回归，让诗歌更接近大众，甚至用诗歌进行表演。这一现象使得更多的诗人青睐声音诗的创作，认为诗歌是声音的艺术，而批评家则涉足声音诗的评论，尝试探索声音、诗歌和诗学之间的关联。本文以旧金山诗歌文艺复兴为背景，选取一些颇负盛名的美国现当代诗人的声音诗作及诗学观作为文本分析，尝试从认知、美学、宗教、文化和伦理等诸多层面忖思美国旧金山文艺复兴时期声音诗所呈现的独特审美特征及其声音诗学构建的可行性。

The talk will commence with an overview of the correspondence produced by Henry James, with particular focus being given to the insights that are being gained from the ongoing publication of his letters in The Complete Letters of Henry James, an ongoing multi-volume edition being published by Princeton University Press. Different strategies for presenting James's letters will then be discussed. Attention will be drawn to the significance of James's nearly 10,500 surviving letters dating from the 1850s up until shortly before his death in 1916, including letters to friends, family members, social acquaintances, and business relations.  

长期以来，美国习惯将解决不了的社会难题合法化，然而，社会难题的合法化往往产生更多新的社会问题和文化冲突。美国的毒品和药物滥用问题是最具破坏性的公共卫生灾难之一，大麻合法化是美国社会难题合法化的典型案例，大麻经历了从合法到被严禁再到被合法化的转变过程。这一转变深受美国两党党争、利益集团、消费经济、社会分裂、新教伦理、财政压力等因素的影响。美国大麻合法化不仅反向刺激政治极化的恶化、加剧社会与文化的分裂，而且导致美国内部撕裂的外溢效应膨胀。

对“翻译策略”概念进行深入分析，可以揭示翻译策略的层级性特点，语言层面、文本层面、文化层面存在不同的翻译策略。由此，可以确立“文化翻译策略”概念。通过分析广为接受的“异化/归化”说，基于策略“以问题为中心”这一普遍特性，可以发现文化翻译策略并非“异化/归化”所能涵盖，仍有必要作出进一步探讨。

This study examines the impact of terrorism on corporate innovation among 94 countries worldwide. To establish causality, we adopt terrorist attacks as an exogenous shock to safety uncertainty. Using a difference-in-difference approach, we present evidence that firms near terrorist attacks generate worse innovation outcomes in terms of patent counts and citations. Moreover, we find that safety uncertainty drives firms to lose valuable inventors and lowers inventors’ productivity. Specifically, we show that inventors are more likely to move to safer cities in response to safety uncertainty. Firms also tend to adjust their business strategies to more conventional business when facing safety uncertainty. Finally, we find that the effect of safety uncertainty is more significant in a country with characteristics of individualism, a low tolerance for uncertainty, short-term orientation, and high censorship. Overall, our paper provides evidence about the impact of safety uncertainty on the allocation of human capital across countries.

西夏文字属于中途创制文字，是典型的汉字系文字。西夏文字的创制者，史书记载各异，学术界基本认可野利仁荣之说。西夏文字形体方整类八分，外在形式较汉字笔画繁冗、屈曲重复，存在很大差别；内部构造以会意、形声为主，多受汉字构形影响，尤其受到汉字今文字阶段文字构形、汉字俗写的构形规律影响较为显著。西夏文字重新面世，辨识曾经曲折。经学者相继努力，文字辨识的主要材料不断被挖掘，材料利用方法不断成熟，文字辨识工作基本得以完成。西夏文字文献数量众多、文献种类很广、文献时间跨度较长，解读成果不断。早期的文献解读方法多样，成果参差不一，经过学术界的不断努力，目前正朝理想解读方向完善。