网红营销：信任、互动与类社交传播

Critical Discourse Analysis: Foundations and Applications

With AI tools increasingly shaping the landscape of journalism, media, and strategic communications, it’s vital to examine both the opportunities and challenges they present. AI technologies are being used to automate content creation, personalize audience engagement, and analyze large datasets for insights. However, questions arise around ethics, accuracy, transparency, and job security within these industries. How can educators and professionals in journalism and communications leverage AI responsibly, and what guidelines are necessary to ensure AI benefits the public interest without compromising journalistic integrity or creative authenticity?

This study presents the first nationwide study of preferences and personality traits in China. We conduct a large-scale survey with a sample of 109,658 subjects from 337 prefectures. The data reveal substantial heterogeneity in preferences and personality traits across prefectures, but even larger within prefecture. Some of these behavioral traits are interconnected at the individual level and more so at the prefecture level. Individual differences vary with age, gender, cognitive ability, only-child status, and hukou status and prefecture differences correlate with both income, GDP per capita and loose-tightness culture. Our results provide an initial step towards a better understanding of preferences and personality traits in China and their broader societal, economic and cultural implications.

本次讲座将分享一项语言民族志研究，该研究探讨了语言景观从流动到凝固再回到流动的涌现过程。这项研究基于作者在杭州一家社区咖啡馆中语言景观出现和消失的民族志叙述，通过对店主和顾客在日常生活中交互的时刻分析，我们发现咖啡馆空间的意义是由人们生活轨迹的交叉，日常生活中人们的持续交流动态塑造的。研究提出，流动语言景观是一种持续的涌现，源自语言使用者对邻里的关爱、相互沟通的意愿以及语言和符号实践的即兴创作。这项研究将与日常生活空间中的语言使用和流动语言景观的研究进行学术对话。

This talk will share a research that enquires into the emergence of linguistic landscapes as cycles from fluid to frozen and fluid again. It is based on myethnographic narratives of the appearance and disappearance of linguistic landscapes in a community coffeehouse in Hangzhou, East China. By moment analysis of theentanglements in everyday life that owners and customers share, we find that the meanings of the coffeehouse space are dynamically shaped by the intersections of their life trajectories and constant communication with others in ongoing everyday life. It is argued that linguistic landscapes emerge as a continuous flux, with language users’ care for others, willingness to correspond, and improvisation of linguistic and semiotic practices affected by their life trajectories. This research will contribute to current research on language use in everyday space and fluid linguistic landscapes.

    超过60%的人类语言使用音高模式（即声调）来区分词汇意义或语法形式。在语音中，声调和音段属于不同的声学维度，其在口语词汇识别中的相对线索权重在文献中似乎存在一些争议。近年来，更先进的技术（如眼动追踪或脑电图EEG）证明了声调在口语词汇识别中的不可或缺性。

    在本次报告中，我们首先基于一系列眼动追踪数据，展示声调处理在口语词汇识别中的渐进性（最新数据）。其次，我们将通过眼动追踪数据和脑磁图（MEG）数据，展示声调在双语口语词汇识别中的必然作用。在理论层面，这些实证研究表明，声调不仅是声调语言中音系表征的一部分，还在语音感知和口语词汇识别中发挥着重要作用。

    Over 60% of human languages use pitch patterns (i.e.,tones) to distinguish lexical meanings or grammatical forms of words. In speech, tones and segments belong to different acoustic dimensions, and their relative cue weighting in spoken word recognition appears to create some controversy in literature. Recently, more advanced techniques, like eye-tracking or EEG, demonstrated the obligatory role of lexical tones in spoken word recognition. 

    In this talk, we first demonstrate the incrementality of tone processing in spoken word recognition (fresh data), based on a series of eye-tracking data. Second, we will show the obligatory role of lexical tones in bilingual spoken word recognition in both eye-tracking data and MEG data. At the theoretical level, these empirical efforts show that lexical tones are part of the phonological representations in tonal languages, as well as their roles in Speech Perception and Spoken Word Recognition.  

讲座运用历时语料库、OED词典、MorphoLex等工具，提取词族的频数和初现年代等信息，在认知形态学的框架下，探讨“图式糅合论”的相关理据：前设词干缺失、前设词干晚起、词法图式的韵律制约。通过收集历时语料库中“复杂词”（un-V-able）和前设词干（V-able）的初现年代数据，研究发现前设词干晚起比较普遍，为图式糅合提供了比较有力的理据。

本讲座主要从语音与句法的两个维度讨论语言片段的切分。语音切分比较可感，它考虑的是停延，基础是韵核和黏附组，黏附组的不同组合构成韵律短语。句法切分的可感性比较弱，它考虑的是合并，基础是词汇核心会受到功能核心的扩展，并由功能核心选择相应的成分与之合并，构成大大小小的句法短语。句法切分可由成分测试和相关的句法依存关系进行验证。句法切分跟语音切分可以匹配，也可以不匹配，后者会造成相应的括号悖论。在句法研究的时候，需要区分语言片段切分的不同维度，不能把语音切分当作句法切分。

英汉两种语言长期存在类型之争，且学界界定多样，众说纷纭。本报告将从非宾格视角阐释英汉语在类型上的异同。通过对非宾格性的界定及其句法结构表征异同比较，透视非宾格性表征背后的语法混合特性，从而在语言类型上处在主宾格-施通格连续统上偏施通格一端。