上外法学院“区域与国别法”讲座系列

上外法学院“法意讲坛”第四十讲

本文研究了挂靠投标腐败对招投标的影响。研究发现，它对竞标者投标组合中承诺的质量没有影响。行贿者的低评分竞标函数比诚实竞标者的更加弱势；在比较容易满足的条件下，行贿者的高评分竞标函数比诚实竞标者的更加激进。当行贿成本增加时，行贿者的高评分竞标策略和低评分竞标策略都变得更加弱势。挂靠投标腐败使得行贿者在招投标中获胜的概率增加，诚实竞标者的获胜概率和期望利润都下降，招标人的期望效用可能增加也可能下降。

约翰逊博士认为莎士比亚是一位最懂人性的诗人，他的作品含有一整套人生智慧。无论描写人生或是描写自然，莎士比亚都把亲眼看到的一切交代得明明白白。他的描写，初看是正确的，细读是完美的。

过去5年全世界最热门的话题是“一带一路”，非洲则是全球最热门的投资目的地之一。中国企业如何开拓一个拥有12亿人口红利、现代工业和农业刚刚起步、商业竞争相对空白的最后一片“蓝海市场”？想了解来自香港的非洲商贸平台创办人陈乐基先生如何打造一张粤港澳大湾区与非洲国家之间商贸合作的新名片，助力国内企业、智库和决策者了解非洲、走进非洲、投资非洲，欢迎参加本期讲座“中国商业模式如何落地非洲”。

Task-based language teaching (TBLT) is now the approach mandated by a number of educational authorities in Asia. In my talk, I will show how task-based language teaching (TBLT) grew out of communicative language teaching, drawing on both second language acquisition research and theories of education. I will trace its development from its early days, pointing to the multiple influences that have helped to shape its evolution. I will address key issues such as how to define ‘task’, how tasks have been classified, how they can be sequenced into a syllabus, and how a complete lesson can be built around a task. I will also consider the use of tasks in computer-mediated language teaching and in assessment. I will emphasize that TBLT is multifarious and conclude with a set of questions that can guide the ongoing development of TBLT.